Estrategia de desarrollo sinérgico, un desafío para América Latina
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Este artículo realiza un análisis comparativo que contrasta las estrategias de desarrollo nacional llevadas a cabo por la mayoría de los países de América Latina respecto a las de Corea del Sur y Taiwán durante la Guerra Fría. Busca averiguar por qué estos dos países del Sudeste Asiático, aunque partieron de un nivel de desarrollo mucho más bajo que el de la mayoría de los países latinoamericanos al comienzo de la Guerra Fría, pudieron alcanzar niveles de vida mucho más altos y equitativos hacia el final. El argumento es que la principal diferencia en el desempeño entre ambas regiones se explica, sobre todo, por la capacidad de los países asiáticos para seguir una estrategia de desarrollo sinérgico, mientras que los países latinoamericanos no la tuvieron. La extensión, el alcance y el momento de realización de una reforma agraria redistributiva fueron un ingrediente clave de tal estrategia, así como los eslabonamientos establecidos entre los sectores económicos. Se concluye que una estrategia de desarrollo sinérgico ofrece las mejores posibilidades de impulsar un proceso de desarrollo más dinámico, sostenible y equitativo en América Latina.
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